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Precautions in Summer
| Although any one at any time can suf fer from heat-related illness, some people are at greater risk than others, according to Dr V Thyagarajan of Sree BM Hospitals in suburban Nanganallur and Pallavaram. -Infants and children upto four years of age are sensitive to the effects of high temperatures and rely on others to regulate their environments and provide adequate liquids. |
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 -People 65 years of age or older may not compensate for heat stress efficiently and are less likely to sense and respond to change in temperature.-People who are overweight may be prone to heat sickness because of their tendency to retain more body heat. -People who overexert during work or exercise may become dehydrated and susceptible to heat sickness. -People who are physically ill, especially with heart disease or high blood pressure, or who take certain medications, such as for depression, insomnia, or poor circulation, may be affected by extreme heat. Visit adults at risk at least twice a day and closely watch them for signs of heat exhaustion or heat stroke. Infants and young children, of course, need much more frequent watching. Do not leave children in cars: Even in cool temperatures, cars can heat up to dangerous temperatures very quickly. Even with the windows cracked open, interior temperature can rise almost 20 degrees Fahrenheit within the first 10 minutes. Anyone left inside is at risk for serious heat-related illnesses or even death. Children who are left unattended in parked cars are at greatest risk for heat stroke, and possibly death. When travelling with children, remember to do the following: * Never leave infants, children or pets in a parked car, even if the windows are open. * To remind yourself that a child is in the car, keep a stuffed animal in the car seat. When the child is buckled in, place the stuffed animal in the front with the driver. * When leaving your car, check to be sure everyone is out of the car. Do not overlook any children who have fallen asleep in the car. Remember to keep cool and use common sense: * Avoid hot food and heavy meals - they add heat to your body. * Drink plenty of fluids and replace salts and minerals in your body. Do not take salt tablets unless under medical supervision. * Dress infants and children in cool, loose clothing and shade their heads and faces with hats or an umbrella. * Limit sun exposure during mid-day hours and in places of potential severe exposure such as beaches. * Do not leave infants, children, or pets in a parked car. * Provide plenty of fresh water for your pets, and leave the water in a shady area. Hot weather health emergencies: Even short periods of high temperatures can cause serious health problems. Doing too much on a hot day, spending too much time in the sun or staying too long in an overheated place can cause heat-related illnesses. Know the symptoms of heat disorders and overexposure to the sun, and be ready to give first aid treatment. Heat stroke: Heat stroke occurs when the body is unable to regulate its temperature. The body’s temperature rises rapidly, the sweating mechanism fails, and the body is unable to cool down. Body temperature may rise to 106°F or higher within 10 to 15 minutes. Heat stroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not provided. Recognising heat stroke: Warning signs of heat stroke vary but may include the following: An extremely high body temperature (above 103°F, orally); Red, hot, and dry skin (no sweating); Rapid, strong pulse; Throbbing headache; Dizziness; Nausea; Confusion; Unconsciousness. What to do: If you see any of these signs, you may be dealing with a life-threatening emergency. Have someone call for immediate medical assistance while you begin cooling the victim. Do the following: * Get the victim to a shady area. * Cool the victim rapidly using whatever methods you can. For example, immerse the victim in a tub of cool water; place the person in a cool shower; spray the victim with cool water from a garden hose; sponge the person with cool water; or if the humidity is low, wrap the victim in a cool, wet sheet and fan him or her vigorously. * Monitor body temperature, and continue cooling efforts until the body temperature drops to 101-102°F. * If emergency medical personnel are delayed, call the hospital emergency room for further instructions. * Do not give the victim fluids to drink. * Get medical assistance as soon as possible. Sometimes a victim’s muscles will begin to twitch uncontrollably as a result of heat stroke. If this happens, keep the victim from injuring himself, but do not place any object in the mouth and do not give fluids. If there is vomiting, make sure the airway remains open by turning the victim on his or her side. |
Sarnath |
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, Apr 28 2008, 3:00 PM EDT
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