Infertility-REALITYThis is a featured page

Infertility affects at least one out of every eight couples.

But majority of the people is still ignorant about this condition. Dr Sulochana Gunasheela, gynaecologist and obstetrician, Gunasheela Hospital, seeks to dispel some of the common myths surrounding infertility.
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The Myth: Infertility is primarily a female problem.

The Reality: Infertility is no longer regarded as ‘her’ problem. What most of the people are not aware of is the fact that infertility is a female problem in only 35 per cent of the cases, a male problem in 35 per cent of the cases, a combined problem of the couple in 20 per cent of the cases and unexplained in 10 per cent of cases.

Infertility treatment should focus on the couple together and recognise that they function as a team. It is imperative that both
the man and the woman be evaluated during the process of infertility treatment.

The Myth: A 35-year-old woman can get pregnant as easily as a 25-year-old woman.

The Reality: Today, many women postpone childbearing to establish a career. They also tend to marry late. Women hear of female celebrities in their 40s having children and often believe that they can ignore their
biological clock. Some women can wait, but not many.

According to the American Society of Reproductive Medicine, it is estimated that two-thirds of women will not be able to get pregnant spontaneously after 40 years of age.

A woman’s fertility peaks at 20 and declines thereafter, dropping most rapidly after she is 38. A 25-year-old woman who is regularly having unprotected intercourse has an 86 per cent chance of getting pregnant within a year. By the time she is 35, her chances drop to 52 per cent.

The Myth:
Stress causes infertility.

The Reality:
It is not impossible for stress to cause a certain degree of infertility. In fact, approaching the doctor for problems of infertility and the compulsion of having to spend a lot of time on treatment can itself induce a lot of stress. It is very important to reduce the element of stress in both cases.

There are some women who have a hidden problem of the adrenal gland, which is caused due to a deficiency of an enzyme known as 21-hydroxylase.

This enzyme is required in the route of conversion of
cholesterol to cortisol. Deficiency of this enzyme causes a diversion in the metabolic pathway leading to production of male hormone.

During periods of
stress, there is an increased demand for corticosterone in the body. While the system is getting ready to supply the same, the deficiency of 2-hydroxylase enzymes may show up, resulting in production of increased male hormones.

This can cause irregular and infrequent menstrual periods, sudden development of facial
acne, and infrequent ovulation. So, one may say that stress has some relation to infertility, at least in some women.

Dr Sulochana Gunasheela says ‘Several factors relating to the male and female anatomy contribute to decrease in infertility. Aging in the male is accompanied by decrease in libido (desire for sexual activity).

This may be due to sub normal testosterone levels. Whereas coital frequency and impotence are the major determinants of infertility in the male, ovulation disturbance becomes the main reason for infertility in the aging female.’

The effect of advancing age on gene defects in the male has been widely studied. Several autosomal dominant diseases like marfan syndrome, polyp formation in large bowel (Polyposis coli) and polycystic kidneys are all associated with increase in paternal age.

Friedman, in his article on genetic diseases in the offspring of the older father, has shown that 33 per cent of the children with autosomal dominant mutational changes were produced by fathers over the age of 40.

So it is advisable that men should have their children before the age of 45. Paternal age is also said to affect sex ratio of the offspring with decline in the male vs. female ratio with age.’

For more details, log on to www.gunasheel ahospital.org or call 080 - 26673585.


Sarnath
Sarnath
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